A mortgage loan is a type of loan that allows individuals or businesses to purchase property by borrowing money from a lender. Here is a simplified explanation of the mortgage loan process:

1. Prequalification: First, you need to prequalify for a mortgage loan. This involves providing your financial information to the lender and getting an estimate of how much you can borrow.

2. Application: Once you decide to proceed, you will need to complete a mortgage loan application. This requires providing detailed information about your income, assets, debts, and the property you intend to purchase.

3. Documentation: You'll need to gather and submit various documents to support your application, such as pay stubs, bank statements, tax returns, and property-related documents.

4. Loan Processing: Once your application is submitted, the lender will review your documentation and verify the information provided. They may also order an appraisal of the property.

5. Underwriting: After the initial review, your application will go through the underwriting process, where the lender assesses your eligibility for the loan based on your creditworthiness, income, assets, and the property's value.

6. Loan Approval: If your application meets the lender's criteria, they will approve your loan and provide you with a loan commitment letter.

7. Closing: Before closing, you will review and sign the final loan documents. You'll also pay the closing costs and any required down payment. The lender will fund the loan, and you officially become a homeowner.

Remember, this is a simplified explanation, and the actual mortgage loan process may vary depending on the lender and other factors.